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The ''Reale Udienza'' ("Royal Audience") was the supreme court of the Kingdom of Sardinia. It was founded by a royal decree of Philip II of Spain, also king of Sardinia, on 18 March 1564, and lasted until 2 November 1847, when it was converted into an appellate court and renamed the Senate of Sardinia. It sat in Cagliari, the island's capital. The president of the court was the Viceroy, joined by the chancellor, the finance minister and three professional judges. Philip II's decree was provoked by the Sardinian parliament, the ''Stamenti'', which requested a local court for the more prompt administration of justice, since at the time Sardinians had to go to the Supreme Council of Aragon to make an appeal. A second decree of 3 March 1573 gave concrete organisation to the nascent institution. Designed on the ''audiencias'' of Aragon and Catalonia, initially it heard civil and criminal cases brought by those exempt from ecclesial and baronial courts. Gradually it usurped authority over these, and even came to exercise viceregal authority when the post was vacant and to grant exequatur for ecclesiastical acts. In 1651 a second court, the ''Regio Consiglio'' ("Royal Council"), was established to deal with crimes against public order, such as counterfeiting, forgery, carrying illegal weapons, public decency, gambling and illegal marriage. The ''Consiglio'' also took over from lower courts cases that had gone on over five months that required immediate resolution (murder, theft, armed robbery). It also handled cases of alleged embezzlement, bribery or unlawful detention in the lower courts, and those of widows, students and the poor who submitted complaints within a certain period. In 1795, the ''Consiglio di Stato'' ("Council of State") was formed in order to process supplications to the viceroy and the ''Reale Udienza''. Finally, in 1818, a royal edict confirmed the two chambers, the ''Udienza'' and the ''Consiglio'', as covering respectively civil and criminal cases. On the eve of the "perfect fusion" between Sardinia and Piedmont, King Charles Albert revoked the ''Udienza'' ==Sources== *(Reale Udienza del Regno di Sardegna ) at Archivio di Stato di Cagliari 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Reale Udienza」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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